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The Story of Noah
At
Genesis 9:1, shortly after the flood which occurred during the fall of 2370 BCE, God said to Noah and his family: Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth. The word replenish in the Hebrew text is transliterated as male and pronounced maw-lay, which is a verb meaning to fill, or to go to the end of. Thus, God repeated His original mandate he had given to Adam, and now gave it to Noah and his three sons for them to migrate and fill the earth.
Noah apparently did not go far because it appeared that he settled quickly and planted a vineyard.
(Genesis 9:20) This land where Noah built his home later came to be known as Lowilaan Mbisis. However, even though Japeth, Ham and Shem stay with their parents to help them build a home, some time later all three of Noah′s sons as well as their wives and any children they had, did fulfill God′s mandate to spread out and fill the earth.
(Genesis 6;18; see also Genesis 10:1-32)
Japheth, Noah′s Oldest
Japheth, the oldest son,
(Genesis 10:21) and his family left from the Lowilaan Mbisis to migrate westward and formed settlements across the coastal lands to the north and then to the west.
Thus, Japheth was the progenitor of the Aryan or Indo-European (Indo-Germanic) branch of the human family. The names of his sons and grandsons are found in ancient historical texts as relating to peoples and tribes residing mainly to the north and west of the Fertile Crescent which today is known as the European Continent.
Shem, Noah′s second born son
Shem and his family also left his parent′s home and first migrated southward to the mouth of river Tigris to the area that later came to be known as the city of Ur. Later, God called him to move up the river Euphrates and then down into the coastal land of the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea.
Sometime before 1933 BCE, Shem arrived in the location that was called The Land of Promise, which arrival was prior to the arrival of his descendent Abraham in that area.
(Hebrews 11:8
, 9)
(Exodus 6:7
, 8)
(Genesis 14:18)
Thus, Shem was the progenitor of the Asian branch of the human family. The names of his sons and grandsons are found in ancient historical text as relating to peoples and tribes residing mainly in the Far East, Southeast Asia, the Indian Subcontinent, as well as much of the Pacific islands.
While Shem he was still living in Ur, one of his great grandsons, and one of the two sons of Eber, whose name was
Joktan (Genesis 10:21-30) departed his family (that is those of his family who remained in Ur), left the wide Mesopotamia river valley and then traveled, according to the Bible, eastward.
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(Genesis 10:30)
Ham, Noah′s Youngest
Ham, like his older two brothers also left his parents to migrate and to locate a home in which to settle, however, he did not travel too far from this parents, only about a hundred miles or so south and then settled in a wide river valley.
In fact, his first settlement was a city called Nineveh and from there, his sons and grandsons began to settle in all the land between the two great rivers, a vast valley which was call the land of Shinar (Genesis 10:10-11).
Here, one of his grandsons began to command the people to come together and build a large city. Not long after that, it became necessary for God to step in to repeat his command for these men to migrate over the surface of the earth.
The Earth, The Way it Was.
However, before we examine the migration that God commanded Noah and his three sons to embark upon, it would be helpful to understand what the conditions on the Earth were like when God told mankind to do this. (Genesis 1:28; 8:15-17; 9:1)
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The
Ice Ages. It it True?
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According to the highly educated men of this world, many of whom have spent their entire life researching: What causes ice ages? the following is their answer.
What do the Wise Men of this World say?
A glaciation period (or more commonly called: ice age) is an interval of time lasting thousands of years that is marked by colder temperatures and glacial advancement.
According to current scientific belief, the last glaciation period reached it′s peak about 21,000 years ago (YA) during the
Middle Pleistocene epoch, and ended about 11,500 YA as the Holocene epoch was just beginning.
Further, they say that the period of time between glaciation periods, marked by warmer temperatures and glacial retreat, is called an interglacial period. The current interglacial, which is named the Holocene has persisted since the end of the Pleistocene glaciation.
During a glaciation, much of the water on earth is locked up in the glaciers that cover it, which in turn, lowers the level of the oceans by hundreds of feet. During the last glaciation, the oceans were at least four hundred feet lower than today.
According to those who study the ice ages, these glaciation and interglacial periods are cyclic and have been occurring throughout the four and a half billion years that the earth has been in existence, representing thousands of ice ages amounting to a total of hundred of thousands of years of glaciation. Many of these so called experts believe that we are overdue for the next glaciation period to begin, a period of time, which some believe, would last so very long, that it could decimate most all of mankind.
Is the earth, according to the scientist, going to enter another Ice Age despite what the Bible informs us: that the righteous people will enter into a paradise? In fact, the Bible clearly tells us that we are at the conclusion of this system of things (end of the world) and those righteous ones are poised to enter into that paradise very soon despite what the worldly wise ones believe. (Matthew 24:3; 13:40; 28:20; Luke 18:30)
Is what they state and claim as logical and empirical evidence, really true.
When did the Ice Age Begin?
Unbeknownst to most scientist, the very first ice age that has ever occurred on earth began about 4400 years ago just after the flood in Noah′s day, but more on that later. The reason scientist do not know about it, or if they do know about it, they will not acknowledge this understanding about the beginning of glaciation, is simply because they do not accept the Bible as having any credibility, especially not when comparing it to all of their research and so called scientific evidence that they have discovered.
Firstly, scientist believe that man has been on this earth in his many forms for more than a million years, that he evolved from a lower form by means of a progression of advancements caused primarily from mutations, an amelioration that raised him from a unintelligent rudimentary life form to the intelligent, reasoning, talking and thinking creature that he is today. For any of these highly educated men to accept that man was created would require that they change their university trained belief from one that is primary atheistic to one that acknowledges the truth that God does exist and is the creator of not only man but all of the creation.
Further, these wise worldly men would in fact, have need to accept that the Bible is the only source of the both logical and empirical evidence of truth.
God′s creation of the earth is found in the first book of the Bible, the book of Genesis where it states in chapter one that after the heavens and earth were created, then light was brought forth to be separated from darkness. God called light Day and darkness Night and in doing so used Day to represent daylight hours in contrast to nighttime.
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Then, in Geneses 1:6-7, 6 God said, Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters. 7 and God made the firmament and parted the waters below the firmament from the waters above the firmament, and it was so;
The word firmament in this verse is a transliteration of a term used in the Latin Vulgate, firmamentum and does not accurately translate the original Hebrew word raqiya, pronounced raw-kee′-ah, which is more accurately translated, expanse or arch of the sky. Furthermore, this Hebrew word could be translated into atmosphere or sky, which would be something that is the place where the birds fly and clouds gather.
Therefore, this raqiya was between the waters beneath, (which must be the oceans) and the waters above (which was likely a water canopy above the earth.)
Too, it was this very same water canopy, raqiya above the earth, that God used at the Flood in 2370 BCE (Genesis 7:11-12) in part states: ...the same day were all the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened. 12 And the rain was upon the earth for 40 days and 40 nights.
Prior to the flood, which occurred nearly 4400 years ago, that canopy of water above the atmosphere of the earth provided a greenhouse like effect to prevail over the entire surface of the earth. At this time it did not rain, but the earth was watered by mist or dew that descended during the night. The Bible at Genesis 2:5-6 states, 5 And every plant of the field before it was in the earth, and every herb of the field before it grew: for the LORD God had not caused it to rain upon the earth, and there was not a man to till the ground. 6 But a mist would go up from the earth, and it watered the entire surface of the ground.
With this greenhouse put into place at the very beginning of the creation, that is, on the second day, there was no possibility that the earth could have a glaciation period forming on the northern pole, nor anywhere for that matter because the canopy of water that God put above the earth kept the climate of the entire earth uniform making the entire Earth suitable for life. Further, this initial climate was to provide for the paradise all the remaining creation soon to come would enjoy.
Creation of Plants, Animals, then Man
Next, on the third creative day, God said: "Let the earth cause grass to sprout, seed-bearing plants and fruit trees according to their kinds, yielding fruit along with seed on the earth." On the fourth, God said: "Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years." On the fifth creative day, God created every living creature that moveth in the waters. (Genesis 1:1-23)
The sixth creative day was similar in that God created every living creature according to their kind to live on the ground. Then God said to his firstborn son: "Let us make man in our image, according to our likeness" and "God formed man out of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man came to be a living soul." (Genesis 1:25-31; 2:7)
And thus, God created man in the year 4026 BCE, nearly 6050 years ago.
Absolutely No Ice Age Before the Flood
When God caused the water of the canopy to rain down upon the earth in the fall of 2370 BCE, the earth was flooded by those waters previously held in the firmament above the earth. Too this massive amount of water is what most likely caused the continental plates to completely shift from their original configuration. The weaker plates sunk under the massive weight of the water and became the ocean floors and some at great depths. Other plates rose to their current location above the surface of the water and afterwards, forces inside the earth cause great mountains to rise skyward.
So, conditions on the Earth today were the same nearly 4400 years ago, which, with the loss of the enshrouding greenhouse effect and with just the solar radiation from the sun to warm the earth, the areas closest to the sun were the only place on the earth that were kept warm. Subsequently, at the areas furthest from the warming rays of the sun, particularly, those in the northern and southern polar regions, there was an immediate flash freezing in these regions and any precipitation that subsequently fell, caused ice to begin forming and building up there.
Countless discoveries have shown this to be what happened, discoveries of large animals that were living in places in the very north of the earth that were flash frozen, some that even had green grass still between their teeth. These discoveries can only be explained by the catastrophic change that would have occurred when a water canopy fell to earth, a canopy such as what God created. Had it been anything like what the wise men of this earth believe, the freezing would have been very gradual, and the animals would not have been flash frozen, but could have had time to move further south; which they would have done so, as do the migratory birds and snowbirds do now.
No, there were no ice ages before the flood, the Bible is clear on this matter. The next section discusses what happened here on the earth not long after the flood.
Without the protective water canopy surrounding the Earth, after the flood, (2370 BCE), the atmosphere of the Earth, could no longer support the greenhouse effect.
Yes, in the centuries after the flood, as precipitation continued to fall on both of the poles, the snow accumulated and the amount of snow and ice continued increasing at the poles.
Furthermore, since there is only a given amount of water within the environs of the earth, when over the ensuing centuries, large amounts of it began to be stored as ice on the poles, which jointly resulted in a lowering of the ocean levels by possible as much four hundred feet. Then, as the oceans lowered, they also receded and the land areas began to grow. This is exactly what happened between the northeast Asian and the northwest American continents.
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Thus, with the receding ocean waters, the shallow portions of the Bering Sea became exposed causing the land area between the two continents to expand to a width of as much as two hundred miles, which provided for the easy traverse for both man and animals between the continents. This land area that was once exposed within the Bering Sea area is what many geologist call Beringia.
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The
Command to Migrate
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The Migration Story:
Over the Entire Earth
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Yes, God gave to Noah the command that all of mankind should migrate over the entire surface of the earth and to fill the earth with their children. (Genesis 9:1)
Next, the Bible relates how one of the rebellious sons of man, specifically, a grandson of Ham named Nimrod, who began to bring some of Noah′s descendants together in a valley plain called Shinar and build a tower, which action was in direct opposition to the mandate God had given to their ancestor Noah. (Genesis 11:1-4)
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Therefore, because of their disobedience to His command to migrate, God confused the language of all mankind. Thus, after their language was confused, most of the men left off building the tower and walked away from the valley plain and out across the land.
It was here, in an area the Bible indicates is Babylonia, that God, in order to cause men to fulfill His mandate, choose to confused the language of man and in doing so, caused them to be scattered from there over the entire face of the earth.
(m1-20200825) Valley plain called Shinar where God confused man′s language.
Since then, men have travel to the four corners of the earth. Some went east, others south and north and some traveled west to the great ocean. (Genesis 11:5-9)
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When the men found it necessary to abandon a settlement for any reason, then they would continue the migration to a new location, seeking one which would provide them with the necessities of life: food, shelter, water, clothing, and work.
Often, before abandoning a settlement and resuming the migration in search of a new home, prayers were offered to the Creator to guide them so that they may find safe passage to a suitable location.
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Old settlements were abandoned, new settlements were found and the families continued to multiply in fulfillment of the original mandate from the Creator. As these successive families continued to migrate and explore, the entire western hemisphere was filled with inhabitants.
The most amazing thing about this migration and settlement is that it all happened long before any European travelers took steps upon this continent.
Some of those from the eastern hemisphere, upon arriving in the area called Beringia decided to settle and make their home on what we now call the land bridge and most likely, these people lived in fishing communities as at that time, there must have been an abundance of fish in the oceans. Then, after some time, the Earth began to become warmer causing the glaciers to slowly retreat. This also caused the ocean waters to rise slowly, gradually causing these communities in and around Beringia to move to higher ground. With the glaciation period coming to an end, those people who settled in Beringia found an ocean between their two separate settlements, with each of the settlements on a separate continent.
Those who settled in Beringia still exists today as the
Unangan people of the land bridge area in Northwest Alaska and the Russian extreme East. Although they are now separated by an ocean, the people of these two areas share a common parent language, traditions, dependence on the same environment, similar physical characteristics and, yes, the same DNA.
Three major
migrations by early archaic wayfarers, as traced by linguistic and genetic data, are believed to have occurred across Beringia prior to the eventual return of the ocean waters to the current levels. However, because it is believed that there were three major migrations, this would imply that there were other smaller ones, possibly many groups of travelers crossing continents, even some who were to return home to tell other family members and friends about the new and wonderful lands on the other side of Beringia. Good news seems to travel fast and many of the home territory could have heard about the new land. Some of these early wayfarers, after crossing the Bering land bridge would go on to travel to as far as the bottom of South America population that continent as well.
But is this possible, or even feasible to travel by foot from Mesopotamia, though Alaska and then as far down as Argentina? Let us look at some facts before shrugging our shoulders and dismissing the attainableness of such an amazing feat which we will call it the ultimate long walk. Long walks? Yes, even today there are many of these:
Appalachian Trail,
Continental Divide Trail, and
Pacific Crest Trail, only to name just a very few.
The Pan-American highway which route traverses from Prudhoe Bay, Alsaka to Ushuaia, Argentina is nearly 20,000 miles in length. Yes, that is a modern highway but I use that highway only to set the distance of this ultimate long walk. The next fact is one I can personally attest to: the Appalachian Trail is more than 2,100 miles, and many thru hikers, including myself have hiked those two thousand plus miles in less than six months.
When counting only hiking days, my walk totaled 164 days. Now, do the math, 164 divided by 30 is five and a half months, but lets call it six months for simplification. Next take the distance of the Pan Am highway, which is 20,000 miles, divide by 2000 and that gives you ten hiking periods of six months each. This means that under ideal circumstances, it would take the original wayfarers about five years to walk those 20,000 miles.
In fact, the distance between Mesopotamia and Beringia is somewhat less than 20,000 miles and if these first wayfarers did walk the total possible distance of the combined 40,000 miles, then ten or fifteen years could be a reasonable estimate of the time it took then to accomplish this traverse, especially if these were hard-core nomads who only carried what was absolutely necessary.
Sure, there are a lot of other variable that could be added, such as hunting and gathering food, crossing rivers and swamps, fighting off wild animals, repairing gear, coming to impasses along the way, and even shorter life spans. In fact, this list could be endless if it was developed thoroughly.
However, do you get my point, walking across the land bridge, spending a couple of years exploring and then deciding to return home to tell others is a realist accomplishment. Even if you doubled the time it takes, or even triple it, fifteen years is still enough time for a wayfarer to cross the land bridge, walk to the Gulf coast, or even Panama for that matter and then back to Russia in a life time, even do it two or more times. If fact, some wayfarers could have made the crossing several times to help others to come here.
The precise dates and routes for the peopling of this continent are subject to ongoing debate, but generally, most archaeologists and anthropologists confer that this event occurred during the final glaciation episodes of the late
Pleistocene epoch, some 12,000 years ago. Too, the same wise men say that men came across, on land, along an ice-free corridor and/or even along the coast by boat.
However, contrary to the opinions of the wise men of this world, the Bible is very clear that man has only been on this Earth for about 6000 years, and the crossing of the Land Bridge could only have happened some time after their creation.
While the discussion thus far may represent the earliest migration (or otherwise known as the First Migration), it was not the only one. Once the first humans came across the land bridge, it appears that multiple migrations took place over the next several hundreds of years. However, for the exact time periods, evidence is still sparse and often conflicting, therefore, theories of the first people crossing from the Asian continent onto the North American continent remain largely inconclusive.
But, one thing that is absolutely conclusive, Came they did!
Recent Evidence
Interestingly, on the west coast of Alaska is the Bering Land Bridge National Preserve which contains a small remnant of the land bridge known as Beringia. This preserve has been set aside for the study of these past cultures, those who were the first people of this continent. What was once home to mastodons, mammoths, steppe bison, and other early mammals is now the breeding ground for smaller animals like reindeer, muskox, caribou, and moose.
From the current research that has been done, it appears that these early archaic wayfarers did traverse from Mesopotamia and fill both the north and south continents of the entire western hemisphere.
In conclusion, the next two sections will examine some of the tools that the early archaic wayfarers had and used in their efforts to migrate across the entire earth.
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The
Stone Tools
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Methinks the reason this time period has been called the Stone Age is because the archaic people used stone tools, particularly spear points (called projectile points) scrapers and carving tools (called burins). Too, these tools are the primary evidence of the earliest human activity on this continent. Projectile points have been discovered which are from four to nine inches in length with the oldest of such projectile points having been found in Clovis, New Mexico.
These were the preferred tools of the early wayfaring people as they were easily made, extremely sharp, and easily repaired. Damaged projectile points could be used as a scraper,
burin or other useful devices.
These tools are flaked tools, made by chipping or flaking off small particles from a stone.
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The method of creating these stone tools was by lithic reduction, a process of using a hammer stone to detach lithic flakes from the core stone. By sequential reduction of the flakes from a stone the preferred shape as seen above is achieved.
Stone chosen to create flaked tools were a type of cryptocrystalline rock which gives conchoidal fractures. The stone of choice was flint but other stones includes chert, chalcedony, obsidian, and occasionally stones such as felsite, jasper, quart, quartzite and rhyolite. Flintknapping was an art of the archaic people, an art that has persisted and continues to be used even in this modern day.
In lithic stone tools, conchoidal fractures are the basis of flint knapping since the shape of the final surface is caused by the controlled stresses applied, not by some preferred orientation of the material.
Since the conchoidal fractures may only be produced by mechanical impact and not by natural means (such as frost cracking), this provides a method of differentiating archaic stone tools from natural stones.
A metate stone is a type of quern-stone tool used for processing grain and seeds. In traditional Mesoamerican cultures, metates are typically used by women who would grind maize and other organic materials during food preparation using a mano in the hand to grind with. Most metate-mano tools were movable and transported during migration as part of the possessions carried by the indigenous people.
Metates are typically made from a large stone with a smooth depression or bowl worn into the upper surface area. Materials are ground on the metate using a smooth hand-held stone known as a mano, and the grinding is done in a horizontal back and forth motion. The depth of the bowl varies and deeper metate bowls indicate a longer period of use or possibly a greater degree of materials being ground.
Other types of metate stones have been found in large boulder, however, these were not transportable.
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Found throughout the eastern hemisphere, and believed to have been brought across Beringia, the archaic people of this hemisphere had another tool, one proving most beneficial and known as the atlatl or spear-thrower. The atlatl (pronounced: at-l-at-l) is a tool that uses leverage to achieve greater velocity in spear-throwing, and includes a bearing surface which allows the user to store and apply energy during the throw.
An atlatl is capable of projecting spears at up to one hundred miles per hour. Atlatl designs may include improvements such as thong loops to fit the fingers, the use of flexible shafts, stone balance weights, and thinner, highly flexible darts for added power and range.
Spear-throwers of varying types appear very early in human history in many parts of the world, and spear-throwing has survived in use in traditional societies until the present day, as well as being revived in recent years for sporting purposes.
The modern day tennis ball throwers used to play fetch with your dog is a variation of an atlatl.
Prevalent across the western hemisphere are the use of the above tools, as all cultures and groups used both the projectile points, metate-mano and the atlatl.
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This Page Last Updated: 31 August 2025
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